This is the end to three decade long debate in the world of science: a two-dimensional (quantum) metal has been made. Joint studies of Japanese and Russian scientists from the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) have been successful.

      The new material is a thin film of a double layer of thallium atoms coating a silicon substrate.

      Depending on the external conditions, the resulting quantum metal can be either an ordinary metal, or a metal with insulating properties, or, on the contrary, a superconductor.

      At temperatures below -272 ° C and the simultaneous action of the magnetic field, the resulting metal can change its properties. What was once discussed and guessed in bold theories only, has now become a reality.

      The discovery will enable scientists to create superconductors that will work at room temperatures.