Add to favorite
 
russian visa
    Volgograd

Russian human beings settled at territories of modern Volgograd as long as in 1555, and the city is first mentioned in the chronicles in 1589 as Tsaritsyn. The settlement appeared on the banks of the river Tsarytsa (Tsarina) The name, historians believe, was derived from the Tatar word “sari-sy”, which means “yellow river”, or from “sary-chin”, meaning “yellow island”, since Russians first built their wooden fortress on the Tsarytsyn island for protecting Volga trade ways form nomads and robbers, which were numerous in Volga region at those times.

In early 16th century the fire destroyed Tsaritsyn, and the city was rebuilt on the right bank of the Volga River only in 1615. The fortress protected trade and diplomatic ships of Persia, Bukhara, India and other countries. In 1606, when Lzhedmitry I reigned the country, Volga Cossacks seized the city and claimed one of them to be the son of the tsar Fyodor. They had a strong intention to attack Moscow, but Lzhedmitry’s death made them change their decision.

Between 1667 and 1672, Tsaritsyn garrison supported Stepan Razin. In 1691 the city obtained customs department, since a vivid trading of salt and fish took place in the settlement. In 1707 Don Cossacks seized the power in the city, but soon were excpelled by governmental forces. Peter the Great visited Tsaritsyn in 1722 and 1723 and later presented it to his wife Catherine I. Another fire destroyed the city in 1727, and four years later the city was rebuilt once again, becoming the centre of military line between rivers Volga and Don. In 1774 Yemelyan Pugachev tried to enter the city twice, but failed.

Early in 19th century small-scale industries started appearing in the city – 3 brick factories, 2 candle plants, a mustard plant and a brewery were built. Tsaritsyn became the junction of 5 railwas – Moscow, Astrakhan, Saratov, Cherkassy and Tsarev. In 1862 Volga-Don railway was put into operation, which reached Moscow in 1879 and North Caucasus – in 1897. The city hoisted offices of many ship companies. In 1880 Nobel opened oil-refining works, and largest oil storages in Russia were built.

Shipbuilding industry and wood-working industry also develop rapidly. Early in 20th century the city hosted over 230 works and plants, banks and offices. Later the city acquired telephone connection. In 1913 first tram run along Tsaritsyn’s streets, and central streets boasted electric lamps. The city also had 10 Orthodox churches and one Lutheran chapel, Orthodox convent, gymnasiums for boys and girls, industrial and municipal schools, 2 public libraries, 5 printing works, 2 hospitals and 2 ambulance stations, veterinary hospital, medical society, bacteriology laboratory and meteorological station. The city was an important transit trade centre.

In 1925 the city was renamed into Stalingrad, and was the major city first of Stalingrad province, and then of Stalingrad Region. During Soviet five-year plans, 50 more plants were built and many of old ones were reconstructed. Hydroelectric power plant was built, as well as the dock-yard.

During the Great Patriotic War, the city and its suburbs were the scene of one of most important battles of the World War II, which took place between July 17, 1942 and February 2, 1943 and became the critical stage of the war. Defending the city, Soviet troops almost destroyed main enemy forces (1.5 million fascists were killed), and the situation favoured the counterattack. For prominent services to the State Stalingrad was awarded the honourable title of the hero-city on May 1, 1945, and on May 8, 1965 the city was awarded the Order of Lenin and “Golden Star” medal. The city was totally destroyed during the war, but was reconstructed soon after the end of military campaigns.

In 1961 the city was renamed into Volgograd, and now is deservedly rated among most beautiful cities of Russia.



Tags:


Region:


City:






Comment on our site


RSS   twitter      submit


Ïàðòåð


Volgograd
  (Volgograd Region)

Cities of the region

    Uryupinsk
    Volzhsky
    Kamyshin

History

TAGS:
visa to Russia  Danny Trejo  Russian business  Russian scientists  Voronezh   Ilya Ponomaryov  Skolkovo  Russian beaches  Russian credit cards  Russian Photographers  Novosibirsk  Russian economy  Russian Cinema  Bashkiria  Lipetsk Region  Russian places of interest  Russian science  Tulsky  MICEX  Old Russian Literature  LUKoil   Parliament in Action  Tsar Nicholas II  Yaroslavl Region  Tatarstan  Sergei Lazarev  Moscow  Subsidies  Black Sea  Mikhail Prokhorov  St. Petersburg  bus tickets Russia FIFA  Tver region  barbecue  Nagatinsk  Anzhero-Sudzhensk  Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Russia  Russian underground train  Russian Franchises  PIK Group  Festival December Evenings  Fyodor Khitruk  Artefact Museum Guide  Barnaul  State Duma  Rasul Gamzatov  Exhibitions in Moscow  Russian sportswomen  Smoking in Russia  Russian tourism 


Travel Blogs
Top Traveling Sites