Polyany is an old Russian township in the Ryazan District of the Ryazan Region.

Polyanay has the population of 6623 people (as of 2010).

It was first recorded in chronicles of the 17th century as one of seigniorial ancestral lands. Those were two villages, the First and Second Polyany (translated as ‘glades’), which sprang up in forest glades. By the end of the 17th century the two villages merged into one. Polyany is located 12 km to the north of Ryazan.

In the early 18th century Polyany was part of the Shumashsky Volost. From 1719 the Epiphany Church worked in the Settlement of Polyany. The church has not come down to us.

In 1905 the Polyany Settlements had 639 houses, 4094 dwellers, two schools, a credit association, a state shop, two windmills, and a sawing plant.

Polyany was intensely developed as the settlement of reclamation experts in the 1970s-80s. During this period the population grew up a lot thanks to people arriving from various areas of the Soviet Union.