Dmitry Mitrokhin was born in Yeysk town of the Krasnodar Territory. In 1902 he finished school in Yeysk and entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he studied under A. M. Vasnetsov and A. S. Stepanov. However, due to no book graphic department there he shifted to the Stroganov Art School in 1904. He studied water color under S. I. Yaguzhinsky and studied drawing under S. V. Noakovsky. 
 

In 1904 he became a member of the Murava group of art ceramists. In 1905 he moved to Paris, where he attended  drawing classes taught by Eugène Grasset and Théophile Steinlen of the Grandee Academy for two years.
 

After returning to Russia in 1908 he settled down in St. Petersburg. In 1912 — 1914 he illustrated children’s books for I. Knebel's publishing house and contributed for The Satirikon, The New Satyricon (till 1917), Lukomorie (1914–1917), Apollo, etc. In 1916 he became a member of the World of Art association. 
 

The same year he started working in the Russian Museum, where he was the custodian of the drawings and engravings department in 1919 — 1923. He was professor of the Higher Photography Institute in 1919 — 1923, and professor of Polygraph Faculty of the Academy of Arts in 1924 — 1934.
 

He worked in various graphic techniques, including xylographie (1923–1934), etching and dry needle on metal (1927-1951), lithograph (1928–1934), linocut, water color, and colored pencil. 
 

In 1944 he moved to Moscow, resumed book graphic art illustrations (till the 1960s), did metal engraving and participated in numerous art exhibitions. 
 

Dmitry Mitrohin died in Moscow in 1973.